Molecular Biology Tools
E. coli Host Strain Genetic Markers, Yeast Strain Geneotypes, E. coli Host Strain Genotypes, The Genetic Code, Common Conversions and Gel Electrophoresis Guidelines.
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E. coli Host Strain Genetic Markers
| Genetic Marker | Description | |
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ara
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Inability to utilize arabinose
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argF
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Inability to utilize arginine; ornithine carbamoyltransferase mutation
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dam
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Blocks adenine methylation at GATC sequences; DNA adenine methylase mutation
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dcm
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Blocks cytosine methylation at CCAGG or CCTGG sequences; DNA cytosine methylase mutation
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deoR
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Allows uptake of large plasmids; regulatory gene mutation allowing constitutive expression of genes for deoxyribose synthesis
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endA
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Abolishes nonspecific endonuclease I activity; improves quality of plasmid DNA isolations
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galK
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Inability to utilize galactose; galactokinase mutation
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galT
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Inability to utilize galactose; galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase mutation
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galU
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Inability to utilize galactose; glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase mutation
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gyrA
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Resistance to nalidixic acid; DNA gyrase mutation
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hflA
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High frequency lysogenization by λ
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hsdR
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Restriction minus, modification positive; transformed DNA will not be cleaved by endogenous restriction endonucleases
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hsdS
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Restriction minus, modification minus; transformed DNA will not be cleaved by endogenous restriction endonucleases; protective methylation abolished
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lacIq
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Overproduction of lac repressor protein, leading to inhibition of transcription from the lac promoter
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lacY
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Inability to use lactose; galactoside permease mutation
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lacZΔM15
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Allows a-complementation of β-galactosidase activity; partial deletion of β-D-galactosidase
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leuB
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Requires leucine for growth on minimal media; β-isopropyl malate dehydrogenase mutation
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mcrA
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Blocks restriction of methyl-cytosine-specific DNA sequences
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mcrB
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Blocks restriction of methyl-cytosine-specific DNA sequences
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metB
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Requires methionine for growth on minimal medium; cystathionine γ-synthase mutation
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mrr
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Blocks restriction of methyl-adenine-specific DNA sequences
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mtl
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Inability to utilize mannitol
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proAB
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Requires proline for growth on minimal media
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recA
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Prevents recombination between introduced DNA and host DNA; confers UV light sensitivity
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relA
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Allows RNA synthesis in the absence of protein synthesis
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rpsL
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Resistance to streptomycin; mutation in protein S12 of 30S ribosomal subunit
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sbcBC
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Allows general recombination in recBC mutant hosts; exonuclease I mutation
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supE
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Suppresses amber (UAG) mutations
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supF
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Suppresses amber (UAG) mutations; required for growth of some phage vectors
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thi-1
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Requires thiamine for growth on minimal media
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thr
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Requires threonine for growth on minimal media
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Tn5
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Transposon which encodes kanamycin resistance
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Tn10
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Transposon which encodes tetracycline resistance
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tonA
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Resistance to bacteriophage T1; mutation in outer membrane protein
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traD
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Prevents transfer of F' episome
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trpR
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Requires tryptophan for growth on minimal media
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tsx
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Resistance to phage T6 and colicin K
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xyl-5
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Inability to utilize xylose
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Δlon
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Increases fusion protein stability; mutation in lon protease
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